問題詳情

第 3 頁，共 4 頁五、篇章結構(共 8 題，計 16 分)(34~37)Psychologist B. F. Skinner (1904-1990) is recognized asone of the most influential American psychologists andbehaviorists. His theory of operant conditioning has had agreat impact on what we know about human behaviorstoday. 34 Instead, he believed that it was moresignificant to study human behavior by examining anindividual’s external behavior.Skinner conducted his famous experiments withanimals being placed in a “skinner box”, a laboratorychamber designed to study behavior conditioning. 35Responses from the environment would affect theprobability of a repeated behavior. If a behavior wasreinforced, it was likely to occur again. In contrast, nonreinforcedbehaviors might not be repeated and might evendie out eventually.Skinner’s theory of operant conditioning can beapplied to explain why some learner behaviors are repeatedor weakened in the classrooms. 36 Skinner’s theoryfails to account for the fact that human beings are stronglyinfluenced by their mental thinking processes and theirpeers. 37 Despite the fact that Skinner’s theory cannot account for all human behaviors, it is undeniable that ithas demonstrated that the environment is influentialenough to strengthen, weaken or modify human behaviors.(34~37 選項區)ⒶHowever, research today has shown that human behaviorcannot be explained simply by behavioral conditioning.ⒷSkinner highlighted that learning was primarily based ontrial and error learning.ⒸNeither can it explain why human beings can learn toperform a task simply by watching others do it.ⒹHe proposed that individuals did not have a mind thatcaused an action and its related effects to occur.
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參考答案

答案：D
難度：適中0.684211
統計：A(4),B(5),C(1),D(26),E(0)

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