問題詳情

三、文意選填：請依文意選出每格最適合填入之答案，每個選項只用一次，每題 1 分，共 20 分。大小寫不列入考慮。 


(A) ethical
(B) counterproductive
(C) negatively
(D) culinary
(E) equivalently (AB) undermine (AC) straightforward (AD) tactics (AE) coalitions (BC) intrigue (BD) avenues (BE) line the pockets (CD) makes sense (CE) as a result (DE) nonetheless


 Well-connected lobbyists work in Washington for years, know the issues, are highly skilled advocates, and have cultivatedclose connections with members of Congress, regulators, specialists, and others. They understand strategy and have excellentcommunication skills; many are well suited to be able to choose which clients they would like to represent. Lobbyists patientlycultivate networks of powerful people, over many years, trying to build trust and maintain confidence and friendships. When aclient hires them to push a specific issue or agenda, they usually form 26 to exert political pressure. Lobbying, 27 ,depends on trying to be flexible to new opportunities, but at the same time, to act as an agent for a client.Access is important and often means a one-on-one meeting with a legislator. Getting access can sometimes be difficult, butto 28 , there are various ways to turn to: email, personal letters, phone calls, face-to-face meetings, meals, get-togethers,and even chasing after congresspersons in the Capitol building.Lobbyists, according to several sources, strive for communications which are clear, 29 , and direct. In a one-on-onemeeting with a lobbyist, it helps to understand precisely what goal is wanted. A lobbyist wants action on a bill; a legislatorwants to be re-elected. The idea is to persuade a legislator that what the lobbyist wants is good public policy. Lobbyists oftenurge lawmakers to try to persuade other lawmakers to approve a bill.Since it often takes a long time to build the network of relationships within the lobbying industry, 30 interpersonaldealings are important. A maxim in the industry is for lobbyists to be truthful with people they are trying to persuade. Anuntruth, a lie is too risky to the successful development of a long-term relationship and the potential gain is not worth the risk.One report suggested that below-the-belt 31 generally do not work. One account suggested that groping for "personaldirt" on opponents was 32 since it would 33 respect for the lobbyist and their clients. And, by reverse logic, if anuntruth is told by an opponent or opposing lobby, then it 34 to publicize it. But the general code among lobbyists is thatunsubstantiated claims are bad business. Even worse is planting an informant in an opponent's camp, since if this subterfuge isever discovered, it will boomerang 35 in a hundred ways, and credibility will drop to zero. 
26

參考答案

答案：A,E
難度：適中0.5
統計：A(0),B(0),C(0),D(0),E(0)

內容推薦

內容推薦