二、英譯中：請將下列各段英文譯為中文。（每小題 15 分，共 30 分）
1. Two teams of scientists reported yesterday that they had turned human skin cells intowhat appear to be embryonic stem cells without having to make or destroy an embryo— a feat that could quell the ethical debate troubling the field. All they had to do, thescientists said, was add four genes. The genes reprogrammed the chromosomes of theskin cells, making the cells into blank slates that should be able to turn into any of the220 cell types of the human body, be it heart, brain, blood or bone.