問題詳情

Section B
         Genetic engineering on a planetary used to be the stuff of science fiction dreams and sometimes nightmares. But now the potential has arrived. For the first time, discussions about quickly transforming entire ecosystems on a large scale are no longer hypothetical. Scientistsfrom the University of California, San Diego and the University of California, Irvine announced that they had genetically engineered a breed of mosquito that not only blocks infection by malaria parasites, but can quickly spread its antimalarial genes throughout its species. (36)_. Since malaria kills hundreds of thousands of people annually, the potential benefit is obvious. __(37)__.
          There's a vast potential to easily introduce desirable changes in other wild species, along with farm animals and cultivated plants. _(38)__. And the list is endless.
         But worries about pitfalls and mistakes are also widespread. Lessons from previous ecological disruptions resonate in the minds of scientists and bioethicists. Unintended havoc is sometimes caused when people wittingly or unwittingly transplant a species into an environment it's not native to. _(39).
        The scientists say they recognize the potential pitfalls, and are keeping their work safeguarded in the laboratory. With the impending arrival of this technology and the potential to use it outside the lab, genetic engineering experts led by George Church of Harvard Medical School wrote a cautionary commentary in the journal Science. _(40)_.

 (AB) During the course of study, people with the practice are sanguine toward the lucrativeresult.
 (AC) It warned of potential dangers and urged strict precautions.
 (AD) One could imagine algae engineered to grow more prolifically as a source of biofuel ordisease-resistant cattle.
 (AE) Without natural predators, the invasive species can run wild and produce undesiredeffects.
 (BC) In some areas, a single season might be enough to change the population.
 (BD) Other mosquito-borne diseases could possibly be controlled in this fashion as well.
36.

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