問題詳情

Π.The number of measles cases reported worldwide in the first three months of 2019 hastripled compared with the same time last year, according to the World Health Organization(WHO). The UN body said provisional data indicated “a clear trend,” with all regions of theworld seeing outbreaks. Africa had witnessed the most dramatic rise-up 700%. 26 Measles is a highly infectious viral illness that can sometimes lead to serious healthcomplications, including infections of the lungs and brain. Ukraine, Madagascar and Indiahave been worst affected by the disease, with tens of thousands of reported cases per millionpeople. Since September, at least 800 people have died from measles in Madagascar alone.27A spike in case numbers was, in addition, reported for countries including the US andThailand with high levels of vaccination coverage. The UN says the disease is “entirelypreventable” with the right vaccines, but global coverage of the first immunization stage has“stalled” at 85%, “still short of the 95% needed to prevent outbreaks.”In an opinion piece for CNN, WHO heads Henrietta Fore and Tedros AdhanomGhebreyesus said the world was “in the middle of a measles crisis” and that “the proliferationof confusing and contradictory information” about vaccines was partly to blame.Measles is one of the most contagious viruses around, however, nothing about measleshas changed. 28There are two stories here — one of poverty and one of misinformation. In poorercountries fewer people are vaccinated and a larger portion of the population is left vulnerableto the virus. This creates the environment for a large outbreak to occur — such as those in theDemocratic Republic of the Congo, Kyrgyzstan and Madagascar. But rich countries withseemingly high vaccination rates are seeing cases spike too. 29 It is worth noting these figures are provisional, the WHO says the true figures will bemuch higher. And that measles is far from harmless. It kills around 100,000 people, mostlychildren, every year.In response to recent measles outbreaks, calls have mounted in several countries to makeimmunization mandatory. 30 A public health emergency has also been declared in areasof New York, ordering all residents to be vaccinated or face a fine.
(A) It has not mutated to become more infectious or more dangerous, instead the answersare entirely human.
(B) Outbreaks have also hit Brazil, Pakistan and Yemen, causing many deaths — mostlyamong young children.
(C) Italy banned children under six from attending schools unless they had receivedvaccines for chickenpox, measles and other illnesses.
(D) Those promoting vitamin IV drips claim they can boost energy, strengthen the immunesystem, improve skin, cure hangovers, burn fat, fight jet lag, and cure a myriad of otherminor ailments.(AB) This is because clusters of people are choosing not to vaccinate their children due to thespread of untrue anti-vax messages on social media.(AC) The agency said actual numbers may be far greater, since only one in ten cases globallyis reported.(AD) Women trying to conceive and women in the first 12 weeks of their pregnancy arerecommended to take folic acid supplements, which reduce their child's risk of neuraltube defects such as spina bifida.
26
(A) It has not mutated to become more infectious or more dangerous, instead the answersare entirely human.
(B) Outbreaks have also hit Brazil, Pakistan and Yemen, causing many deaths — mostlyamong young children.
(C) Italy banned children under six from attending schools unless they had receivedvaccines for chickenpox, measles and other illnesses.
(D) Those promoting vitamin IV drips claim they can boost energy, strengthen the immunesystem, improve skin, cure hangovers, burn fat, fight jet lag, and cure a myriad of otherminor ailments.(AB) This is because clusters of people are choosing not to vaccinate their children due to thespread of untrue anti-vax messages on social media.(AC) The agency said actual numbers may be far greater, since only one in ten cases globallyis reported.(AD) Women trying to conceive and women in the first 12 weeks of their pregnancy arerecommended to take folic acid supplements, which reduce their child's risk of neuraltube defects such as spina bifida.

參考答案

答案：A,C
難度：困難0.3
統計：A(10),B(2),C(8),D(2),E(0)

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