問題詳情

IV. 閱讀測驗：16％，每題 2 分WHEN Doug Hollan arrived on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi for his anthropologydissertation fieldwork in a rice farming village, his Toraja neighbors wanted to take turnssleeping with him and his wife. The rural Toraja almost never sleep alone. They sleep inwood frame houses with little furniture and flimsy room dividers, and they sleep on the floortogether in groups, sharing blankets and huddling close for warmth. And so the Toraja have“punctuated” sleep. They wake often as others turn and get up in the night, or when a childcalls out or another adult can’t sleep and starts to chat. Mr. Hollan never heard anyonecomplain about this.Many years after he returned from Toraja, Mr. Hollan became a psychotherapist andopened a practice in Los Angeles. Most of his clients have voiced discomfort, at some pointor another, with their sleep. They do so even though they have what you might imagine wouldbe the perfect conditions to sleep soundly. They have private darkened rooms that they sharewith at most one person and, often, expensively manufactured beds that minimize disturbanceto the other person when one gets up in the night. His clients want to make sure they get sevenor eight hours of continuous sleep, and when they try to sleep but they can’t, they get upset.They are not alone. The National Sleep Foundation reports that more than one in fiveAmericans has difficulty falling asleep almost every night, and a 2013 Centers for Disease第 5 頁／共 8 頁Control and Prevention study found that about 4 percent of adults in the United States hadtaken a prescription sleeping pill in the previous month.This obsession with eight hours of continuous sleep is largely a creation of the electrifiedage. Back when night fell for, on average, half of each 24 hours, people slept in phases. In “AtDay’s Close,” a remarkable history of night in the early modern West, Roger Ekirch writesthat people fell asleep not long after dark for the “first sleep.” Then they awoke, somnolentbut not asleep, often around midnight, when for a few hours they talked, read, prayed, had sex,brewed beer or burgled. Then they went back to sleep for a shorter period. Mr. Ekirchconcludes, “There is every reason to believe that segmented sleep, such as many wild animalsexhibit, had long been the natural pattern of our slumber before the modern age, with aprovenance as old as humankind.”In traditional non-Western societies like the Toraja, what happens at night really matters.People pay close attention to their dreams, and because they are awakened more often, theyhave more opportunity to remember them. “Thanks to these continuous disruptions,” hewrites, “dreams spill into wakefulness and wakefulness into dreams in a way that entanglesthem both.”
38. What is the main idea of the article?
(A) Doug Hollan, one of the well-acclaimed psychotherapists in Los Angeles, used to lookfor insomnia treatment in Indonesia.
(B) Social pressure and fatigue mainly contribute to the seriousness of today’s pandemicinsomnia problem.
(C) The concept of eight hours of continuous sleep is not always the golden rule held byeverybody.
(D) Patients who suffer from annoying sleeplessness are advised to pay a visit to theisland of Sulawesi.

參考答案

答案：C
難度：簡單0.818182
統計：A(1),B(5),C(27),D(0),E(0)

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