問題詳情

    Although European decisions during the 16th and 17th centuries to explore, trade with, and colonize large portions of the worldbrought tremendous economic wealth and vast geographic influence, the enormous success of European maritime ventures during the ageof exploration also engendered a litany of unintended consequences for most of the nations with which Europe interacted. Due to theirincredible military force, religious zeal, and uncompromising goal of profit, Europeans often imposed their traditions, values, and customson the people with whom they traded. They frequently acted without regard to the long-term welfare of others as their principal concernwas short-term economic gain. Since many nations that traded with Europe placed high value on their historical customs, some nativesbecame deeply disconcerted by the changes that occurred as a result of European power. These factors, coupled with perennial domesticpolitical instability, caused numerous countries to grow increasingly resistant to European influence.      One potent example of this ideological shift can be seen in the actions of the Tokugawa government of Japan. In its Seclusion Edictof 1636, the government attempted to extricate cultural interactions with Europe from the intimate fabric of Japanese society. The Edictattempted to accomplish this by focusing on three areas. First, it sought to curb cultural exchange by eliminating people bringing Europeanideas into Japan. The Edict stated, “Japanese ships shall by no means be sent abroad….All Japanese residing abroad shall be put to deathwhen they return home.” Second, the Edict focused on limiting trade. Articles 11 through 17 of the Edict imposed stringent regulations ontrade and commerce. Third, the government banned Christianity, which it saw as an import from Europe that challenged thelong-established and well-enshrined religious traditions of Japan. The government went to considerable lengths to protect its culture.Article 8 of the Edict stated, “Even ships shall not be left untouched in the matter of exterminating Christians.”     With the example of Japan and the examples of other countries that chose a different response to European influence, it is perhaps nottoo far of a stretch to conclude that Japan made the right decision in pursuing a path of relative isolationism. As history unfolded during thenext 400 years, in general, countries that embraced European hegemony, whether by choice or by force, tended to suffer from perniciouswealth inequality, perennial political instability, and protracted underdevelopment.
46. It can best be inferred from the passage that in 1636, the Japanese government
(A) saw its citizens living abroad as potential threats.
(B) considered all foreign religions a danger.
(C) disagreed with the European philosophy that trade brought wealth.
(D) foresaw the economic dangers of European trade and imperialism.

參考答案

答案：A
難度：適中0.40678
統計：A(24),B(14),C(11),D(10),E(0)

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