問題詳情

IV.Discourse Structure (10%)Most of the time, economic policymaking is about tinkering at the edges. Politicians argue furiously about modest changes totaxes or spending. 31— From China’s market opening in 1978 to Poland’s adoption of “shock therapy” in 1990, bold politicianshave seized propitious circumstances to push through reforms that transformed their countries. Such a once-in-a-generation opportunity exists now.The plunging price of oil，coupled with advances in clean energy and conservation, offers politicians around the world the chanceto rationalize energy policy. —32_ As such，a cheaper，greener and more reliable energy future could be within reach. The mostobvious reason for optimism is the plunge in energy costs. Not only has the price of oil halved in the past six months，but natural gas isthe cheapest it has been in a decade. 33 That should help cut waste and thus lower costs still further. For decades the bigquestion about energy was whether the world could produce enough of it. Now，suddenly, the challenge should be one of managingabundance.The most straightforward piece of reform is simply to remove all the subsidies for producing or consuming fossil fuels. Last yeargovernments around the world threw $550 billion down that rathole — on everything from holding down the price of petrol in poor countries to encouraging companies to search for oil. 34_Falling prices provide an opportunity to rethink this nonsense. 35handing out money to Iowa’s already coddled com farmers to produce ethanol and has not reviewed generous subsidies for nuclear power even though fracking has boosted its oil output by two-thirds in just four years. All these subsidies should be binned.
(A) For example, they can get rid of billions of dollars of distorting subsidies, especially for dirty fuels, whilst shifting taxes towards carbon use.
(B) Cash-strapped developing countries such as India and Indonesia have bravely begun to cut fuel subsidies, freeing up money to spend on hospitals and schools.
(C) Once in a while, however, momentous shifts are necessary.
(D)By one count, such handouts led to extra consumption that was responsible for 38% of global carbon emissions in 1980-2014.
(E) The big oil exporters in the world, which tend to be the most egregious subsidizers of domestic fuel prices，underwrite the production of oil and gas.(AB) Besides, the price of cleaner forms of energy is also falling and new technology is allowing better management of the consumption of energy.
31

參考答案

答案：C
難度：適中0.666667
統計：A(0),B(0),C(2),D(0),E(1)

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