問題詳情

四、閱讀測驗：請依據文章內容，選出最適當的答案。Passage 1: Questions 41-45Nowadays, many people have the problem of not having enough sleep. Research shows thatone out of five American people have the problem of sleep deprivation.If you’ve ever come close to nodding off in the boardroom or behind the wheel, you knowthat the effects of sleep deprivation can range from embarrassing to downright terrifying. But arewe really putting ourselves and others at risk, however inadvertently? Statistics show that sleepdeprivation really can be life-threatening. In fact, sleep deprivation is the single most dangerousaspect of any sleep disorder, because you have no idea that you are compromised cognitively,physically and emotionally.Three distinct areas of life may be affected by sleep deprivation. First, and probably the mostlife-threatening, is reaction time. People who operate heavy equipment or drive any kind of vehicleare likely to have dulled reaction times when sleep-deprived, making them more prone to accidents.In fact, recent research has found drowsy driving to be just as risky as drunk driving. So you mightwant to think twice before staying up late to catch the end of that football game. Besides,cognition—how we think, retain memories, process information and make decisions—is negativelyimpacted by sleep deprivation. Emotions are also greatly heightened by lack of quality sleep.Everything from anger to sadness to frustration all get blown out of proportion, making a potentiallybad situation even much worse.What can people do to fix the problem? You could just try going to bed earlier. But a latebedtime is hardly the only cause of sleep deprivation. Others include stress, environmental factors(a snoring spouse; an excessively warm bedroom) and poor diet (heartburn; excessive alcohol; toomuch caffeine).There’s no one “ideal” amount of sleep. Some people function just fine on seven hours,whereas others need a heftier nine. In general, the minimum number of hours is six. To identifyyour ideal time for lights-out, sleep experts suggest that you count backwards about seven and ahalf hours from your required wake-up time. “If you wake up five minutes before your alarm goesoff, you’ve nailed it.” By the same token, if you rise feeling refreshed, you’re right on the money. Ifnot, you’re probably sleep-deprived, which can lead to those cognitive, reaction and emotionalissues discussed above.Sleep often seems negotiable, but our bodies and minds really need the consistency of a qualitynight’s rest to prepare and reboot for the coming day. So take an honest look at your sleep hygiene.Chances are, you can make a few changes to get more sleep. Of course, if problems persist, youmay want to consult your doctor. We all need to be at our thinking, feeling and reacting best in orderto thrive and stay safe. In most cases, a little extra shut-eye may get you there! Sleep tight!
41. What is the article mainly about?
(A) Cognition and emotion in sleep.
(B) Difficulties in handling sleep deprivation.
(C) Amount of sleep needed for ordinary people.
(D) Reasons why people oversleep and ways to fix it.
(E) Dangers of insufficient sleep and some possible solutions.

參考答案

答案：E
難度：簡單0.888889
統計：A(1),B(0),C(1),D(0),E(16)

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