問題詳情

(46-50)Google, the largest search engine on the Internet, wasfounded in 1996. It started as a research project by Larry Page,a Ph.D. candidate at Stanford University, who was exploringthe mathematical properties of the World Wide Web for hisdissertation thesis. The name he gave his study, “Google,”comes from the misspelling of the word, “googol,” whichrefers to the number 1 followed by a hundred zeros. Althoughnot quite the number its name signifies, Google receivesseveral hundred million inquiries each day from users aroundthe world.One of the main reasons Google has become the mostused search engine on the net is due to the PageRank system,a link analysis algorithm that assigns a numerical rank to eachelement of a hyperlinked set of documents, such as the WorldWide Web. PageRank gives every site on the Internet a rankingbetween 0 and 10. The ranking is determined by the numberof other pages linked to it. Each link is calculated as a vote,therefore, the more links a site has, the more votes it gets.Google analyzes the importance of the web site that provideslinks to other web sites. If Google determines that a web siteis important, it assigns a higher PageRank ranking to links tothat particular site, which, in turn, influences the site’s ranking.There have been some criticisms of the PageRank system.Some critics, for example, claim that it is unfairly biased infavor of the larger web sites. Other critics point out the factthat the criteria for determining the importance of a web siteis not subjected to rankings by peer or professional reviewers,who would better scrutinize the ranking decisions. Anotherflaw in the system noted by critics is the use of “Google Bombs”on websites. The term refers to the manipulation of theranking of a given page by explicitly placing hyperlinks that willdirectly affect its ranking. Google announced in January, 2007that they had changed their search engine algorithm to makeit more difficult to manipulate search results.Though there are critics of Google and its PageRanksystem for its system of ordering search results, it remains as,arguably, the most effective way of providing relevantwebsites for a web search and is considered the most usedsearch engine. Therefore, Google shows no sign of losing itstitle as the optimal search engine. The word “google” has evenbeen added into the Merriam Webster Collegiate dictionaryand the Oxford dictionary as a new verb. It means “to use theGoogle search engine to acquire information on the Internet.”
46.According to the passage, what is the PageRank system ofGoogle?
(A)An element of a hyperlinked set of documents.
(B)A system for measuring the rank of linking speed.
(C)A system in which users rank a website from 0 to 10.
(D)A ranking system used to arrange results of the searchquery in order of relevance.

參考答案

答案：D
難度：適中0.548387
統計：A(3),B(0),C(10),D(17),E(0)

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