問題詳情

四、閱讀測驗   In the late 1910s, behavioral scientist John B. Watson was studying whether emotional reactions could beconditioned in humans, after the manner of Pavlov’s dogs. One of his subjects was a baby named Albert, aged ninemonths. Albert was exposed to a series of stimuli, including a white rat, a rabbit, a monkey, masks, and burningnewspapers. Initially, Albert showed no fear of any of these objects. Then, as Albert was exposed to the rat, Watsonmade a loud noise by hitting a metal pipe with a hammer, whereupon Albert cried. After being repeatedly presentedthe white rat followed by the loud noise, Albert began to cry as soon as he saw the rat.   Watson must have conducted the experiment many times because he collected enough data to discover that notonly did the kid cry at white rats, but he also began to cry at anything that might possibly look like a rat, including avariety of white objects and an equally large assortment of furry objects (including, at one point, a Santa Clausbeard). Even those objects which he had previously played with began to frighten him if they bore any resemblanceto a rat (or if they were handed to him by a man wielding a hammer).   Watson didn’t bother to decondition Little Albert at the end of the experiment, and it is unknown whether hisfear of white rats, loud noises, or psychologists remained with him. Sadly, Albert died at the age of six. It isunknown whether his mother, who was paid a grand total of $1 for his participation, ever realized what they weredoing when they came to play with her son.
46. What did John B. Watson want to find out from baby Albert?
(A) Whether Albert was able to react to different objects.
(B) Why Albert was not afraid of little animals.
(C) Whether Watson could condition human’s emotional reaction.
(D) Whether Albert’s emotional condition was normal.

參考答案

答案：C
難度：簡單0.8
統計：A(0),B(0),C(4),D(1),E(0)

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