問題詳情

Reading 3 Quitting smoking can mean putting on extra weight—an average of 3.8 kg for women and 2.8 kg formen—according to a research study conducted by epidemiologist David Williamson at the U.S. Center forDisease Control. The research, which involved 1,885 smokers and 768 nonsmokers in a 13-year study, is themost comprehensive to date. The result showed that 9% of the men and 12% of the women who had quitsmoking experienced substantial weight increases of 13 kilograms or above. A third discovery is that weightgain tends to trouble particular groups of quitters most frequently—Blacks, people under 55 years of age,and people who used to smoke more than 15 cigarettes a day.The habit of constantly putting something in one’s mouth is only part of the reason why former smokerstend to put on weight. Nicotine, the chief additive element in tobacco, has the effect of speeding up thebody’s metabolism so that food is burnt out faster. When one quits smoking, the metabolism slows down,  and extra calories begin to accumulate. Such weight gain reflects true or normal weight, since nicotine keptthe weight artificially low.To make matters worse, quitters often feel a strong desire for sweet food, which is high in calories. Thisdesire also arises from the discontinued supply of nicotine. Nicotine lowers the level of insulin in thebloodstream, thus spoiling one’s appetite for sweets. When nicotine is cut off, insulin levels in thebloodstream rise, making one hungry for sugary foods.Several measures are suggested to prevent the incidence of weight problems in the new quitter. He maychew nicotine-added gum, or exercise regularly. Both would increase the rate of metabolism and burn outexcess fat. To fight the urge for sweets, he may add a lot of substitute sugar in his food and drink. It satisfieshis appetite but does not fatten.
31. What is the main purpose of this passage?
(A) To encourage people to quit smoking.
(B) To investigate a new method of quitting smoking.
(C) To describe the health risks involved in smoking.
(D) To analyze a problem associated with quitters of cigarettes.

參考答案

答案：D
難度：簡單0.866667
統計：A(0),B(1),C(1),D(13),E(0)

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