問題詳情

Passage Two: Questions 37-45       We seldom question the common belief that talking on a cell phone while driving is a reckless behavior, which may impair our ability to think and drive. However, in real life, we tend to overestimate our multitasking skills and do it anyway. A recent study from University of Illinois shows that the reverse is also true, namely, driving also disrupts our oral skills and makes it extremely difficult，if not impossible, to remember what we have just talked about; we may have ahard time to keep track of details. Comprehension speech requires attention and so does navigating and steering a family sedan. The fact that we only have limited attentional resources entails that doing two or multiple different tasks at the same time, such as listening while driving, will impose a demanding cognitive processing load on our attention processor. Consequently, each task will be performed without receiving sufficient attentional resource it deserves.     To empirically establish the above view. Dr. Gary Dell of the University of Illinois conducted a study in a driving simulator. Dr. Dell recruited ninety-six participants and paired them up: one was assigned to the driver seat and one to the front passenger seat. Then, the paired participants were asked to listen to and repeat a series of stories, and then to repeat details of the stories after getting out of the car. Not surprisingly, the drivers who needed to simultaneously perform two tasks, namely taking the wheel and talking, had a tougher time recalling details of the stories than the passengers. In particular, their conversation skills took the biggest nosedive while they were trying to navigate a twisting course, and handle busy stop-and-go traffic. Based on the findings, Gary Dell contends forcefully that talking (on a cellphone) while driving does more than impairing our ability to drive; the act of driving makes listening and talking a much harder task.     However, Dr. Dell’s research is not without contention. After reading the synopsis of this research finding on the Internet, a blogger nicknamed “Superlosch” argued that Dell’s claim is at best circumstantial. In other words, it does not apply to all driving situations. According to Superlosch, the nosedive in navigating intersections or handling traffic only seems to happen when the direction to the driver’s destination is unclear——an anecdote from his own driving experience. When the driver happens to be driving to school or work, less thought has to be given to where s/he must turn or how soon the next exist is approaching; as a result, the act of driving will consume less attentional recourses, thus allowing the mind to focus on the conversation while staying visually alert.      Having said this, Superlosch^ contention does not refute the possibility that people’s lives could be at risk when they are talking and driving on an unfamiliar route. So, next time, when you are sitting behind the steering wheel，think twice before you talk. For the upcoming research agenda, maybe the scientists will determine whether driving also impair our ability to sing, eat breakfast, and put on makeup behind the steering wheel. And, of course, text.
37.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
(A) Driving and talking on a cell phone only becomes a threat when they are simultaneously performed without sufficient attention resources.
(B) People probably have an easier time to manage multiple tasks (e.g., driving and talking) when taking a familiar route.
(C) Our ability to perform two (or more) different tasks is mainly constrained by the limit of our attentional resources.
(D) People are still able to perform multiple tasks given sufficient practice.

參考答案

答案：B[無官方正解]
難度：非常困難0
統計：A(0),B(2),C(2),D(0),E(0)

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