問題詳情

五、文意選填 10% A tsunami is a series of huge waves that can cause great __41__ and loss of life when they strike a coast. The word tsunami comes from the Japanese word meaning “harbor wave.” Tsunamis are very rare; there are __42__ six major tsunamis each century. Tsunamis are caused by an underwater earthquake, a volcanic __43__, a sub-marine rockslide, or, more rarely, by an asteroid or meteoroid crashing into in the water from space. Most tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes, but __44__ underwater earthquakes cause tsunamis— an earthquake has to be over about magnitude 6.75 __45__ the Richter scale for it to cause a tsunami. About 90 percent of all tsunamis __46__ in the Pacific Ocean. Many tsunamis could be detected before they hit land, and the loss of life could be minimized with the use of modern technology, __47__ seismographs (which detect earthquakes), computerized offshore buoys that can measure changes in wave height, and a system of sirens on the beach to __48__ people to possible tsunami danger. Unfortunately, since tsunamis are not very tall in height when they are out at sea, __49__ is not easy and there are many false alarms. Sirens at __50__ beaches may be activated— do not ignore them! 
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