問題詳情

   The da Vinci Surgical System is a robotic surgical system made by the American companyIntuitive Surgical. The manufacturer named the system after the famous Renaissance artist geniusbecause his study of human anatomy eventually led to the design of the first known robot in history.Approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2000, it is designed to __16__ complexsurgery using a minimally invasive approach, and is controlled by a surgeon from a console. Thesystem is commonly used for prostatectomies and increasingly cardiac valve repair and gynecologic surgical procedures. The da Vinci Surgical System operates in hospitals worldwide, with an __17__200,000 surgeries conducted in 2012. The system costs on average slightly under US$2 million, inaddition to several hundred thousand dollars of annual maintenance fees. Obviously, it has beencriticized for its cost.         The da Vinci System __18__ a surgeon’s console typically in the same room as the patient, anda patient-side cart with four interactive robotic arms controlled form the console. Three of the armsare for robots that hold objects, and can also act as scissors and scalpels. The surgeon uses theconsole’s master controls to maneuver the patient’s side cart’s three or four robotic arms. Theinstruments’ jointed-wrist design exceeds the natural range of __19__ of the human hand. Thesystem always requires a human operator and incorporates multiple redundant safety featuresdesigned to minimize opportunities for human error when __20__ traditional approaches. For thepatient, a da Vinci procedure can offer all the potential benefits of a minimally invasive procedure,including less pain, less blood loss and less need for blood transfusions. Moreover, the da VinciSystem can enable a shorter hospital stay and a quicker recovery.
16.
(A) facilitate
(B) irrigate
(C) inflict
(D) permeate

參考答案

答案：A
難度：適中0.5
統計：A(0),B(0),C(0),D(0),E(0)

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