I. Vocabulary (10%, 1% each)In recent decades, international terrorism was an __1__ methodologyundertaken by small bands of extremists who wished primarily to garner theattention of the world – in effect, by engaging in transnational “armedpropaganda.” Although organizations such as the IRA and the PLO regularly strucktheir enemies on territories outside of their homelands (often spectacularly), theylargely did so to __2__ international and domestic pressure against theiradversaries. In the modern era, the strategic rationale for transnational terrorism,and indeed the perceived __3__ of such attacks, is no longer solely a matter ofarmed propaganda. It is now evident that the predictions of a metamorphosis ofterrorist violence from pinprick assaults into an asymmetrical mode of warfarehave become reality.The doctrine of asymmetrical warfare, as developed since the 1990s, holdsthat terrorists are attempting to acquire, and indeed use, weapons of massdestruction and other high-yield weapons technologies. Strategically, they identifyand plan attacks on unexpected targets using creative methods and tactics,including new technology-driven strikes. For example, one threat scenario __4__terrorists engaging in piracy, and taking to the high seas to attack freighters orother maritime targets. Alternatively, __5__ extremists can utilize the Internet tolaunch cyber attacks that will disrupt financial, security and communicationscenters. Thus, the New Terrorism incorporates asymmetric threats that werehitherto unimaginable.
1.
(A) innocuous
(B) institutional
(C) insurgent
(D) intangible