問題詳情

四、閱讀測驗【請在下列各題中選出最適當的答案 【請在下列各題中選出最適當的答案】  Numerous studies in the U.S. and around the world are exploring the health benefits of spending time outside in nature,green spaces, and, specifically, forests. Recognizing those benefits, in 1982, the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestryand Fisheries even coined a term for it: shinrin-yoku. It means taking in the forest atmosphere or “forest bathing.”  Exposure to forests boosts our immune system. While we breathe in the fresh air, we breathe in phytoncides, airbornechemicals that plants give off to protect themselves from insects. Phytoncides have antibacterial and antifungal qualitieswhich help plants fight disease. When people breathe in these chemicals, our bodies respond by increasing the number andactivity of a type of white blood cell called natural killer cells. These cells kill tumor- and virus-infected cells in our bodies.In one study, increased activity of natural killer cells from a 3-day, 2-night forest bathing trip could last for more than 30days. Japanese researchers are currently exploring whether exposure to forests can help prevent certain kinds of cancer.  Spending time around trees and looking at trees reduces stress, lowers blood pressure and improves mood. Numerousstudies show that both exercising in forests and simply sitting looking at the trees reduce blood pressure as well as thestress-related hormones cortisol and adrenaline. Looking at pictures of trees has a similar, but less dramatic, effect.  Spending time in nature helps you focus. Our lives are busier than ever with jobs, school, and family life. Trying tofocus on many activities or even a single thing for long periods of time can mentally drain us, a phenomenon calledDirected Attention Fatigue. Spending time in nature, looking at plants, water, birds and other aspects of nature gives thecognitive portion of our brain a break, allowing us to focus better and renew our ability to be patient.  In children, attention fatigue causes an inability to pay attention and control impulses. The part of the brain affected byattention fatigue is also involved in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Studies show that children whospend time in natural outdoor environments have a reduction in attention fatigue and children diagnosed with ADHD showa reduction in related symptoms. Researchers are investigating the use of natural outdoor environments to supplementcurrent approaches to managing ADHD. Such an approach has the advantages of being widely accessible, inexpensive andfree of side effects.  Patients recover from surgery faster and better when they have a “green” view. Hospital patients may be stressed froma variety of factors, including pain, fear, and disruption of normal routine. Research found that patients with “green” viewshad shorter postoperative stays, took fewer painkillers, and had slightly fewer postsurgical complications compared to thosewho had no view or a view of a cement wall.
21. Which of the following topics best describes the passage?
(A)The Benefits of Forest Bathing.
(B)How Phytoncides Improve Health.
(C)A Green Therapy for Hospital Patients.
(D)Attention Regained: A Walk among Trees.

參考答案

答案：A
難度：適中0.610143
統計：A(385),B(125),C(80),D(41),E(0)

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