問題詳情

There is a theory widely believed by students of history that geography determines history. This can be applied to the development of technology and its effects on cultures. As with animals, humans were first hunters and gatherers. They hunted animals for food and clothing. They gathered wild plants for food, clothing, weapons and building materials. When an area no longer had the animals to hunt and the plants to gather, humans had to move to another location.Humans certainly understood that one man without weapons had little chance against most animals, so they had to use their biggest advantage, their brains. As humans developed better weapons by using rocks, teeth and claws from animals, and sharpened wood and stone, they became more efficient hunters and less likely to starve to death. The discovery of metal in certain locations gave humans from that area an even stronger advantage over animals and also over other humans who didn't have the technology. Other things being equal, armies armed with bronze weapons could defeat armies with stone weapons. Armies with iron weapons could defeat armies with bronze weapons and armies with steel weapons could defeat armies with iron weapons. Each advance in technology changed the balance of power.The discovery of metals also helped agriculture. Sharper and harder tools helped plant the seeds and harvest the crops. Planting and harvesting allowed humans to abandon the hunter-gatherer life style and settle in one place for long periods of time. The old divisions of labor had been men were the hunters and women were the gatherers. Now with farming, the whole family helped. While the hunter-gatherer life style could support only limited numbers of people, farming required many people, and large families became helpful even necessary.Farming areas vary widely too in terms of rainfall, soil, temperature and the types of crops that can be grown. Farmers in favorable areas could grow a lot more crops. More crops can feed more people who then yield more workers and also larger armies. Some areas don't allow for much agriculture so the people do other things such as herding to survive. Herder populations are smaller but hardier since life is harder.Farming also led to a surplus of food which could be traded for other things. This led to the rise of villages and then cities with markets. Trade is made easier by certain geographic locations such as on rivers or on the seacoast. So, people who turned to farming earlier than their neighbors would develop a larger population, have more goods to trade, and become wealthier. This would give them an advantage over their neighbors in any war or economic competition.
36.What thing gave men the biggest advantage over animals?
(A) the discovery of metal
(B) weapons of rock and bone and sharpened wood and bone
(C) superior intelligence
(D) living in certain locations

參考答案

答案：C
難度：簡單0.761905
統計：A(3),B(5),C(32),D(2),E(0)

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