問題詳情

第二篇：Here’s something that no one ever explains. If American women earn 18.1 percent less than American men, as theOECD has just revealed, why does anyone employ men? If you had two similarly qualified applicants, one of whom wasasking for a significantly higher salary, you’d hire the cheaper one, wouldn’t you? Private firms are interested in profit, afterall. We are going through an angry spasm about equal pay at the moment, and it is in the nature of angry spasms thataccusation trumps accuracy. But is it really true to say that women are being systematically discriminated against in theworkplace?In the United Kingdom, companies that employ more than 250 people are obliged to publish the average salaries of theirmale and female employees. A low-cost British airline called Easyjet turns out to have a gender pay gap of 51.7 percent. Howcould any company pay its female employees only half of what their male counterparts were getting? I am sure, dear reader,that you guessed the explanation right away. Most of the cabin crew working for Easyjet (69%) are women, whereas most ofthe pilots are men. The men who push the trolleys earn exactly what the women earn. The male and female pilots are likewiseidentically paid.Sure, there are individual cases of unfairness and misogyny, but the pay gap is explained largely by other factors.Suppose we could find a company where people were paid without any knowledge of their gender. Since sexism in paywould be impossible here, any differential would be attributable to other causes. As it happens, such a company exists. Uberdrivers are paid according to time and distance by an algorithm that does not recognize their sex. According to a StanfordUniversity study, female Uber drivers earn seven percent less than their male counterparts, largely because male drivers areprepared to work different hours and operate farther from home. It seems reasonable to infer that chauvinism is not the keyfactor. What is really at stake here is the principle of free contract.
56. What is the main purpose of the author in communicating to the readers?
(A) To describe.
(B)To persuade.
(C) To compare.
(D) To document.

參考答案

答案：B
難度：困難0.315789
統計：A(3),B(6),C(7),D(2),E(0)

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