問題詳情


(B) In October 1977, a man named Billy Milligan was arrested and charged with abducting andraping three women on the Ohio State University Campus in the US. What came next madenational headlines. Billy Milligan's public defenders decided that he should plead not guilty byreason of insanity, claiming that he suffered from multiple personality disorder as a result ofalleged severe physical and sexual abuse as a child by his stepfather. They stated that two of hisother personalities, also known as "alters", committed the crimes he was accused of.    In fact, multiple personality disorder (MPD), or dissociative identity disorder (DID) as it wasrenamed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, TextRevision (DSM-IV-TR), is a disorder that causes an individual, known as the host personality, tohave at least two distinct personalities or identities existing within them. Each personality or alterego, has their own gender, age and race as well as their own thoughts, emotions, and physiologicalreactions. Some alters have been known to have different accents and/or different abilities to thehost. For example, they may paint or sing well, something that the host might not be able to do.When an alter ego is in control, the individual is generally unaware of what that alter is doing orthinking. Individuals with DID have at least two identities but can have as many as 100 with tenbeing the average number.     It is believed that dissociative identity disorder occurs as a way to cope with severechildhood trauma, such as physical and/or sexual abuse. In order for a child to deal with the trauma,he or she detaches or dissociates themselves from the memory in order to protect themselvespsychologically. This detachment can become so extreme that it develops into separate and distinctpersonalities that can emerge in response to further psychological stresses. However, there is somecontroversy as to whether DID is a real disorder, even though it is listed as such inthe DSM-IV-TR. Many psychiatrists question its validity as a disorder for a number of reasons.Only 3% of psychiatric hospital patients have been diagnosed with it; the majority of child abusevictims never develop the disorder, and many DID sufferers were never abused as childrenhttp://www.healthguideinfo.com/other-mood-disorders/p115639/#sthash.6D58AQcH.dpuf
64. Why did the case of Billy Milligan draw so much attention from the public?
(A) He had been repeatedly abused by his stepfather as a child.
(B) He was the first patient to be diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder.
(C) He became the first in the US to effectively use multiple personality disorder as a defense.
(D) He had a strong alibi which could prove that he was not physically present on the crime scene.

參考答案

答案：C
難度：適中0.5
統計：A(0),B(1),C(1),D(0),E(0)

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