▲閱讀下文，回答第 21−25 題To patients, the source of hope is the doctor itself and the resources held by the doctor.Therefore, only the doctor has the power to give hope, suppress hope, and even destroy hope.This statement is not entirely wrong, but it is not entirely correct, either. In addition to medicalachievements and the capabilities of doctors, the patient himself/herself is stronger withthe power of the ones who love him/her.Hope is an abstract word. In fact, it is not just a word; it is a complex concept that is givendifferent meanings during different times and circumstances of our lives. Even politicians knowhow to use it to manipulate the human mind and the will of voters. Webster’s Unabridged givesfive different interpretations of the meaning of hope, and that does not include the synonyms.The meanings range from “the highest level of well-founded expectation” to expectation that is“at least slight.” In one of the definitions, we see examples of using hope as an intransitive verb,and this is the key to the problem of many end-stage cancer patients: “to hope against hope,”which the lexicographers describe as “having hope though it seems to be baseless.”The greatest responsibility of a doctor is to give his/her patients reasons to believe thathope exists. The Oxford English Dictionary has more than sixty examples illustratingthe different usages of the term. Indeed, hope brings eternity. Even if it is not necessarilyintentional, at least there is a tendency to make a word with the meaning “just what I choose it tomean— neither more nor less” as Lewis Carroll’s Humpty Dumpty contemptuously announcedto Alice. Samuel Johnson best explained the meaning of hope. The England’s greatest authorityon words defined hope as “the chief happiness which this world affords.”What do all of the definitions of hope have in common? They all involve some kind ofexpectations, a feeling of something good will happen. In The Nature of Suffering, the medicalhumanist Eric Cassell discussed the meaning of hope in times of serious illness with greatcompassion: “Intense unhappiness results from a loss of that future—the future of the individualperson, of children, and of other loved ones. It is in this dimension of this existence that hopedwells. Hope is one of the necessary traits of a successful life.”
21. The author refers Humpty Dumpty’s remarks to Alice in order to .
(A) emphasize that the word hope is created with an effort to mean what it intends to mean
(B) suggest the analogy of Humpty Dumpty’s effort to fall has been underappreciated
(C) explain how Lewis Carroll created Humpty Dumpty to sit on the wall and to fall
(D) underscore the author’s immense contribution to cancer patients at end stage