IV. Rewrite the following passage for a cloze test(150-200words) (30%) The test should contain 5 questions, each with 4 choices. Your version should read like acoherent, complete passage in itself. Do not copy exact sentences; write in your ownwords.    Most of us have seen a dog staring at, sometimes snarling at, and approaching a reflection of itself. Formost animals, seeing their own image in a mirror acts as a social stimulus. But does the dog recognize itself,or does the reflection simply signal a potential companion or threat? This question is of interest for a numberof reasons. Apart from curiosity about the level of animals’ understanding, research on self-recognition inanimals has several benefits. It provides some insight into the evolutionary significance of this skill ofself-recognition and into the level and kinds of cognitive competence that the skill requires. Such researchalso indicates the kinds of learning experiences that determine the development of self-recognition. Inaddition, work with animals fosters the use of techniques that are not dependent on verbal responses and thatmay therefore be suitable for use with preverbal children.    The evidence indicates that dogs and almost all other nonhumans do not recognize themselves. In aseries of clever experiments, however, Gallup has shown that the chimpanzee does have this capacity. Gallupexposed chimpanzees in a small cage to a full-length mirror for ten consecutive days. It was observed thatover this period of time the number of self-directed responses increased. These behaviors included groomingparts of the body while watching the results, guiding fingers in the mirror, and picking at teeth with the aid ofthe mirror. Describing one chimp, Gallup said, “Marge used the mirror to play with and inspect the bottom ofher feet; she also looked at herself upside down in the mirror while suspended by her feet from the top of thecage;…she was also observed to stuff celery leaves up her nose using the mirror for purposes of visuallyguiding the stems into each nostril.”   Then the researchers devised a further test of self-recognition. The chimps were anesthetized and markswere placed over their eyebrows and behind their ears, areas the chimps could not directly observe. Themirror was temporarily removed from the cage, and baseline data regarding their attempts to touch theseareas were recorded. The data clearly suggest that chimps do recognize themselves, or are self-aware, fortheir attempts to touch the marks increased when they viewed themselves. Citing further evidence for thisargument, Gallup noted that chimpanzees with no prior mirror experience did not direct behavior to themarks when they were first exposed to the mirror; that is, the other chimpanzees appeared to haveremembered what they looked like and to have responded to the marks because they noticed changes in theirappearance.