問題詳情
2. 2008年時,我國政府為了搶救疲弱不振的國內市場,採取發放消費券的政策來刺激景氣。其後,經濟學者的研究發現,消費券雖然能夠誘發民眾消費意願、加碼消費支出,但也有消費者將消費券當作存款之替代,以消費券去支付固定的經常性消費支出(例如生活費、餐飲費等),並將省下的現金存起來,這種替代效果也不能忽視。替代效果會依照所得分配不同而產生差異,最低收入 20 %的家庭,不會發生替代效果,但倒數 20 ∼ 40 %的家庭,可能會發生-20 %的替代效果,也就是 100 元中有 20 元會存下來,其餘 60 %的家庭,會有-68 %的替代效果。試依上述簡要說明,當所得增加相同時,消費券的發放對高、低收入者消費「正常財」的需求之影響為何?
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