六、簡答題：12%，每題 6 分。 Short Answer: Read the following article and answer the two questions that follow. I. In one of the world’s most remote regions, surrounded by snow and ice, MaggieMcDonnell is changing the lives of her students and transforming her community. Thewinner of the Global Teacher Prize Winner 2017 lives and works in Salluit, an Inuitvillage deep in the Canadian Arctic. The village is so remote that it’s accessible only byair. Just 1,300 people live in the community – the second northernmost Inuit settlement inCanada – but every resident is benefiting from Maggie’s work, determination and talent. II. Life is not easy in Salluit. Beyond the freezing temperatures (the mercury can reachminus 25 degrees Celsius in winter) and the inaccessibility, indigenous people in Canadaface ongoing struggles after decades of abuse. A desire to tackle the environmentaldestruction and massive economic and social inequality in indigenous communities is abig part of what inspired Maggie to teach here. Staff turnover is high, with many leavingthroughout the school year, or applying for stress leave. III. The community and region also face enormous challenges. In Salluit alone therewere six suicides in 2015, all among men aged 18 to 25. Teenagers, in the face ofdeprivation and isolation, frequently turn to drink, drugs and self-harm. The Inuit regionof Nunavik has widespread and deeply entrenched gender issues. Teenage pregnancy iscommon, levels of sexual abuse are high, and gender expectations see young girlsburdened with domestic duties. IV. It takes a remarkable teacher just to work in such an environment. But, to do whatMaggie has done requires something quite extraordinary, something very special. The key?Turning students from problems in solutions. Her Life Skills programs range from bikerepair to construction. Here’s a snapshot of just some of them: Creating a fitness center: In a community where healthy recreational options are limited, Maggie and herstudents built a fitness centre. With $100,000 worth of initial funding, herstudents helped in everything from painting to equipment assembly. Diabetesand disease linked to obesity is on the rise among the Inuit population, so the project has provided enormous health benefits to the entire community – not justMaggie’s students. A community kitchen: As part of the girls’ only program, Maggie helped secured finding for acommunity kitchen. Typically, 75 local people gather to eat a meal that studentshave helped prepare. They also take the meals on the road, delivering tovulnerable groups. The project has not only developed cookery skills among thestudents, but also helped in an area where food insecurity and the cost of healthyfood are high.Managing a second-hand store: As nearly all goods have to be flown in, the cost of living is exceptionally highin the community. So, Maggie’s students wanted to open a shop. And that’sexactly what they did. They gathered donated items, and opened the store everyweekend. The students learned a variety of skills associated with running a shop– entrepreneurship, dealing with cash and money, customer service—while thecommunity benefited from affordable second hand goods. V. Maggie McDonnell has made an outstanding contribution to the lives of her studentsand everyone in Salluit. She is a deserving winner of the $1 million Global Teacher Prizefor 2017 – money she’ll use to set up an NGO.
1. What do paragraph II and paragraph III have in common?