問題詳情

IV. Reading61-65)Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), sometimes referred to as attention deficit disorder (ADD),is a mental disorder in which an individual displays a pattern of age inappropriate hyperactivity, impulsivity, orinattention. The symptoms of ADHD must present themselves before the age of 12, and they must occur inmultiple settings (e.g. at home and school, not just at home).A meta-analysis of genetic studies found that ADHD is highly heritable. Environmental factors—such asthe use of alcohol and tobacco during pregnancy –contribute to the presentation of ADHD, but genetics play amore prominent role. About 6 percent of people in the United States under the age of 18 meet the DSM-IVdiagnostic criteria for ADHD, and males are about three times more likely to be diagnosed.Treatment for ADHD includes social interventions (psychotherapy, behavioral interventions, parent training,and education) and medication. Social interventions and medication can both be effective on their own, but acombination of the two modalities tends to be the most effective.Behavioral interventions and psychotherapy have been found to be very effective for the treatment of mildADHD symptoms. In the treatment of children with ADHD, it is essential to include parents in the process. Inaddition to behavioral interventions, parents and children can benefit from education about ADHD. Many parentswill have difficulty responding to their children with ADHD because they are under the impression that the childis intentionally being disrespectful or disruptive. Education about the biological causes and symptoms of ADHDcan help reduce tension in parent-child relationships. It helps parents to know that their child isn't simply trying tobe a nuisance, but that they have a physical limitation that makes it very difficult to control their behavior.Children with ADHD can benefit from therapy focused on social skills training. Role-playing, modeling ofgood behavior, practicing conversation skills such as listening and waiting to speak, conflict managementeducation, and emotional management skills can all help children reduce the impact of their symptoms.Medication has been found to be effective for about 80 percent of those with ADHD, but there have beenmixed findings regarding the long-term effects of its use. Medication can improve a child's ability to focus, controlimpulsive behavior, and decrease excessive motor behavior. That being said, they are not magic pills that makechildren behave well and become effective students. These abilities are better fostered through parenting skills.
61. What is the main idea of this article?
(A) It introduces what ADHD is and how it can be treated.
(B) It shows why children with ADHD need medication.
(C) It examines how children with ADHD can be taught.
(D) It indicates that information about ADHD has been outdated.

參考答案

答案：A
難度：簡單0.804598
統計：A(70),B(7),C(9),D(0),E(0)

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