問題詳情

A rapidly advancing contemporary science that is highly dependent on new tools isEarth system science. Earth system science involves observation and measurements onthe Earth at all scales from the largest to the smallest. The huge anaounts of data that are Line gathered come from many different locations and require special techniques for handlingdata. Important new tools that facilitate Earth system science include satellite remotesensing, small deep-sea submarines, and geographic information systems.More than any other way of gathering evidence, satellite observations continuallyremind us that each part of the Earth interacts with and is dependent on all other parts.Earth system science was born from the realization of that interdependence. Satelliteremote sensing makes possible observations at large scales, and in many cases,measurements of factors that could not otherwise be measured. For example, theozone hole over Antarctica--the decrease in the concentration of ozone high in theatmosphere--is measured by remote sensing, as are changes in deserts, forests, andfarmlands around the world. Such measurements can be used in many areas ofspecialization besides Earth system science. Archaeology, for example, has benefitedfrom satellite observations that reveal the traces of ancient trade routes across theArabian Desert.New tools for exploring previously inaccessible areas of the Earth have also addedgreatly to our knowledge of the Earth system. Small deep-sea submarines allow scientiststo travel to the depths of the ocean. There they have discovered new species andecosystems thriving near deep-sea vents that emit heat, sasses, and mineral-rich water.Just as important as new methods of measurement and exploration are new ways tostore and analyze data about the Earth system. Computer-based software programs knownas geographic information systems, or GIS, allow a large number of data points to bestored along with their locations. These can be used to produce maps and to comparedifferent sets of information gathered at different times. For example, satellite remotesensing images of a forest can be converted to represent stages in the forest's growth.Two such images, made at different times can be overlaid and compared, and the changesthat have taken place can be represented in a new image.
41. What is the main idea of the passage?
(A) Special techniques are needed to classify the huge amounts of data about Earth.
(B) New tools provide information about Earth that was once impossible to obtain.
(C) Advances in Earth system science have resolved many environmental problems.
(D) Satellite remote sensing can show changes between two images taken years apart.

參考答案

答案：B
難度：簡單0.75
統計：A(0),B(3),C(1),D(0),E(0)

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