問題詳情

Passage #3Medicine in the Middle Ages was dominated by religion. Sickness was believed to be a punishmentfrom God for sins committed and the only way to cure someone was to pray for their forgiveness. Doctors inthe Middle Ages were usually priests or other religious scholars. Hospitals often sprang up in monasteries andother religious establishments. The patients were given food and comforted by religious nursing staff but littleelse was done to cure their illness. Traditional cures, using herbal remedies and potions, were seen aswitchcraft and outlawed by the church. Laws stated that only trained and registered people could practicemedicine. Schools and universities began to educate wealthy individuals in religion, the arts, law andmedicine. Generally men, and occasionally a few women, were trained and allowed to become physicians. Asuniversities developed, more and more came from a non-religious background and eventually it was notnecessary to be a cleric to practice medicine. The biggest challenge to medieval medicine came in the form ofthe Black Death, or Bubonic Plague. In 1347, an outbreak of Bubonic Plague broke out in Istanbul (modernday Turkey). Traders soon carried the disease throughout Europe and records show that in some areas it killedup to 90% of the population. That is the equivalent of 49 million people in the UK today. We now know thatBubonic Plague is a form of highly contagious and fatal pneumonia. During the Middle Ages, the onlytreatments were superstitious remedies, prayer, herbal medicinesand recipes for clearing the air of miasma or poison. The plague was considered to be a punishment from Godand so public health was not considered to be important. There was never any attempt to control the many ratsthat infested villages and towns and carried the disease. This was one of the main reasons that the plague wasso devastating.
46. This passage is chiefly concerned with _____.
(A) modern medicine
(B) medieval medicine
(C) Bubonic Plague
(D) medieval religion

參考答案

答案：B
難度：簡單0.75
統計：A(0),B(6),C(0),D(2),E(0)

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