問題詳情

III. Contextual Filling: 10%The new realism, in contrast to the old, begins by proposing a solution to the problem ofdistinguishing factors internal to international political systems from those that are external.Theory isolates one realm from others in order to deal with it intellectually. By depicting aninternational political system as a whole, with structural and unit levels at once distinct andconnected, neorealism establishes the ___(31)____ of international politics and thus makes atheory possible. Neorealism develops the concept of a system’s structure which at once___(32)____ the domain that students of international politics deal with and enables them to seehow the structure of the system affect the interacting units and the outcomes they produce.The concept of structure is based on the fact that units differently juxtaposed and combinedbehave differently and ___(33)___ produce different outcomes. International structures aredefined, first, by the ordering principle of the system, in our case anarchy, and second, by thedistribution of capabilities across units. In an anarchic realm, structures are defined in terms oftheir major units. International structures vary with significant changes in the number of greatpowers. Great powers are marked off from others by the combined capabilities they __(34)____.When their number changes ___(35)____, the calculations and behaviors of states, and theoutcomes their interactions produce, vary.The idea that international politics can be thought of as a system with a precisely definedstructure is neorealism’s fundamental departure from traditional realism. The sparseness of thedefinition of international structure has attracted criticism. Robert Keohane asserts thatneorealist theory “can be modified progressively to attain closer ___(36)____ with reality.” Inthe most sensitive and insightful essay on neorealism that I have read, Barry Buzan askswhether the logic of neorealism completely captures “the main features of the internationalpolitical system.” He answers this way:“The criticisms of Ruggie, Keohane, and others suggest that it does not, because theirconcerns with factors such as dynamic density, information richness, communication facilities,and ___(37)____ do not obviously fit into Waltz’s ___(38)____ ‘systemic’ theory.”The “factors” mentioned by Buzan would not fit into any theory. Can one imagine howdemographic trends, information richness and international institutions could be thrown into atheory? No theory can contain these “factors,” but if a theory is any good, it helps us tounderstand and explain them, to estimate their significance and to gauge their effects. Moreover,any theory leaves some things unexplained.To achieve “closeness of fit” would ___(39)____ theory. A theory cannot fit the facts orcorrespond with the events it seeks to explain. The ultimate closeness of fit would be achievedby writing a finely detailed description of the world that interests us. Nevertheless, neorealismcontinues to be criticized for its omissions. A theory can be written only by leaving out mostmatters that are of practical interest. To believe that listing the omissions of a theory____(40)___ a valid criticism is to misconstrue the theoretical enterprise.
31.(AB). as such(AC). bounds(AD). command(AE). consequentially(BC). constitutes(BD). disprove(BE). equates(CD). falsify(CE). fastidiously(DE). in interacting(ABC). in retrospect(ABD). autonomy(ABE). negate(BCD). ostensibly(BCE). refute(BDE). correspondence(CDE). such like(ABCD). resemblance(ABCE). integration(ABDE). evokes

參考答案

答案：A,B,D
難度：非常困難0
統計：A(0),B(0),C(0),D(0),E(0)

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